Need of Xml
- Extensible Markup Language(XML)
- XML seperates data from presentation
- It is a complement to HTML
Example:- with common language
- XML and application communication incompatibilities.(ex: 2 applications)
– First convert data from oracle format into this common format and send it to other application(Excel)
- XML seperates data from presentation
- It is a complement to HTML
Example:- with common language
- XML and application communication incompatibilities.(ex: 2 applications)
– First convert data from oracle format into this common format and send it to other application(Excel)
XML standards
1).XML
2).XML Namespace
3).DTD(Document Type Definitions)
4).CSS
5).XSL(Extensible Stylesheet Language)
6).XML Schema
7).Xquery
8).Xlink
9).Xpointer
10). XPath
11). XML Digital Signature
12). XHTML
XML:- version is 1.0
– Validity and expectations of XML
– Goals are defined like easily implemented on internet, readable to humans, design shall be done quickly
- XML Namespace:- allowing users of XML to associate certain tags with their own identifiers.
- DTD:- Document Type Definitions – validation
- CSS:- Cascading Style Sheets : allows formatting of HTML documents in a standard, uniform manner
- XSL: Extensible Stylesheet Language:-
– Provides for formatting and trasforming XML documents in a desired manner
- XML Schema:- it is used for validating the contents of an XML document. Syntax is similar to XML, different from DTD
- Xquery:- A complete set of query language and operators to work with XML document.
- Xlink:- standard mechanism to create hyperlinks
- Xpointer:- allows the hyperlinks to point to more specific parts in XML document.
-Xpath:- is used to refer to specific portions of an XML document.
- XML digital signature:- provide a means of message integrity and non repudiation for XML document.
- XHTML:- revised version of HTML with rules from XML
Idea of Markup:-
- XML uses tags=markup
- SGML:Standard Generalised Markup Language
– HTML
– XML
- Following features:-
– Easy to read
- Easy to modify
– Easy to use
- Easy to debug
– Easy to use for computers
– Works with all leading programming language
XML Structure
Inverted tree structure
- Creating layers of elements
- Comments in XML: <!-- -->
- Orders of elements
Creating Layers of Element
<book> Web developing using XML <book>
- <book>
<book_title> Web developing using XML <book_title>
</book>
<book></book> - empty element
Comments
<book>
<!-- this is a comment -->
</book>
Order of Elements
- XML documents can be in any order
- They need not be stored in a particular sequence.
- For particular sequence, XSL ( XML Stylesheet Language) is needed.
Organising information in XML:-
1.Classifying information as per its importance
2.Adding the details
3.Transforming information into XML format
1.Identifying elements
2.Identifying attributes
Example:-
- Primary - (classifying info)
– Book title
– Author Adding details
– Publication
- Secondary
– Main title, sub title
– First name, last name
– Name of publisher
- Teritory (details can be ignore)
– None
– Full name, affiliations
– Full address, web address, contacts
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